Topic
Constitution, governance, polity and institutions for UPSC.

The Registration of Births and Deaths (Amendment) Bill, 2026 will help improve the Civil Registration System of India by making it mandatory that a JMFC order is needed to register births or deaths that have been reported more than two years after the event. This bill will ensure that there are no fraudulent entries in the system.

According to a report by NITI Aayog, there have been around 94,000 school closures or mergers during the last decade due to school rationalisation. Although the process is geared towards optimising resources as per NEP 2020, questions arise regarding accessibility problems, greater chances of dropouts, and violations of the neighbourhood provision of the RTE Act.

The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 is an improvement on the 2024 legislation that penalises leakages of papers and examination fraud with stringent measures, setting up fast-track courts, and making investigations time-bound. The bill seeks to ensure that merit is safeguarded, there is transparency, restoring public confidence, and strengthening the credibility of exams in India.
The police action against the 20 July 2026 march to Parliament has revived the oldest question in Indian public law: can a fundamental right require a permission slip? Complete UPSC analysis of Article 19(1)(b), Section 163 BNSS, the Police Act 1861 and the landmark judgments from Himat Lal to Shaheen Bagh.

The Fast-Track Courts (FTCs) help speed up cases that need to be tried, but these courts do not have their own special legislation. They depend on having sufficient judges, facilities, investigations, and forensic aid for effective operations. Even though they have helped increase the disposal rate, vacancies in judges and poor investigations pose serious problems.

Judicial independence and accountability were put into question when Justice Yashwant Varma resigned from his position in April 2026 following the misconduct allegation. Resignation terminates the process of removal which means that constitutional and statutory changes have to be made in order for Parliament to continue overseeing judges and maintain public trust in the judiciary.